DHCP
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(placeholder...needs info on hosts, networks, shared-networks and the different options) | (placeholder...needs info on hosts, networks, shared-networks and the different options) | ||
+ | ==DHCP - Install and setup== | ||
+ | Server setup. | ||
− | === Problems starting dhcpd | + | install through package |
+ | # pkg_add -r isc-dhcp3-server | ||
+ | |||
+ | We do this so we can define the root path for the diskless system. | ||
+ | |||
+ | copy /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf.sample to /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf | ||
+ | |||
+ | edit /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf and make sure it has these lines in it. | ||
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | # dhcpd.conf | ||
+ | # | ||
+ | # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd | ||
+ | # | ||
+ | |||
+ | # option definitions common to all supported networks... | ||
+ | #option domain-name "example.org"; | ||
+ | #option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org; | ||
+ | |||
+ | default-lease-time 3600; | ||
+ | max-lease-time 86400; | ||
+ | |||
+ | # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local | ||
+ | # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented. | ||
+ | authoritative; | ||
+ | |||
+ | # ad-hoc DNS update scheme - set to "none" to disable dynamic DNS updates. | ||
+ | ddns-update-style none; | ||
+ | |||
+ | option root-path "192.168.1.1:/diskless_ro"; | ||
+ | |||
+ | # lines added for pxeboot client | ||
+ | use-host-decl-names on; | ||
+ | next-server 192.168.1.1; | ||
+ | filename "pxeboot"; | ||
+ | |||
+ | # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also | ||
+ | # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection). | ||
+ | log-facility local7; | ||
+ | |||
+ | # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the | ||
+ | # DHCP server to understand the network topology. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | # This is a very basic subnet declaration. | ||
+ | |||
+ | subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { | ||
+ | range 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.20; | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Create the leases file | ||
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | # touch /var/db/dhcpd.leases | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Restart the daemon | ||
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | # killall dhcpd | ||
+ | # dhcpd | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Add to /etc/rc.conf | ||
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | dhcpd_enable="YES" | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Problems starting dhcpd == | ||
==== Errors when trying to start ==== | ==== Errors when trying to start ==== | ||
NOTE: This problem was found on this architecture, but may apply to others. | NOTE: This problem was found on this architecture, but may apply to others. |
Revision as of 10:17, 23 January 2007
Contents |
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. DHCP allows you to place machines on a network and configure many of their settings (network-wise) via a server that your host machine queries. Usually this is limited to what IP and DNS client information a host uses on the network, and this greatly increases an administrator's ability to configure a large number of hosts to use a network with minimal effort (as opposed to configuring each host individually.)
The service daemon on most *nix platforms is called dhcpd, the client application (if your *nix box is set up to use DHCP,) is usually dhclient.
Software
The most common unix implementation of the DHCP service is the ISC's DHCP; Microsoft has their own implementation, as does Sun Microsystems.
Configuration
(placeholder...needs info on hosts, networks, shared-networks and the different options)
DHCP - Install and setup
Server setup.
install through package
# pkg_add -r isc-dhcp3-server
We do this so we can define the root path for the diskless system.
copy /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf.sample to /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf
edit /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf and make sure it has these lines in it.
# dhcpd.conf # # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd # # option definitions common to all supported networks... #option domain-name "example.org"; #option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org; default-lease-time 3600; max-lease-time 86400; # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented. authoritative; # ad-hoc DNS update scheme - set to "none" to disable dynamic DNS updates. ddns-update-style none; option root-path "192.168.1.1:/diskless_ro"; # lines added for pxeboot client use-host-decl-names on; next-server 192.168.1.1; filename "pxeboot"; # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection). log-facility local7; # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the # DHCP server to understand the network topology. # This is a very basic subnet declaration. subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.20; }
Create the leases file
# touch /var/db/dhcpd.leases
Restart the daemon
# killall dhcpd # dhcpd
Add to /etc/rc.conf
dhcpd_enable="YES"
Problems starting dhcpd
Errors when trying to start
NOTE: This problem was found on this architecture, but may apply to others.
dhcp-1# uname -a FreeBSD dhcp-1.one.example.com 6.0-RELEASE FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE #0: Thu Nov 3 09:36:13 UTC 2005 root@x64.samsco.home:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GENERIC i386 dhcp-1#
dhcp-1# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh start chown: dhcpd: Invalid argument /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh: WARNING: unable to change permissions of /var/run/dhcpd /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh: WARNING: safe_run: chown dhcpd:dhcpd /var/db/dhcpd /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh: WARNING: unable to change permissions of /var/db/dhcpd chown: dhcpd: Invalid argument /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh: WARNING: unable to change permissions of /var/db/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases Starting dhcpd. dhcp-1#
Find out if dhcpd is running
dhcp-1# ps -auwx | grep dhcp root 94818 0.0 0.6 2188 1536 ?? Is 15Jan07 0:00.05 /usr/local/sbin/dhcpd root 24289 0.0 1.1 3892 2612 p0 RV 6:22AM 0:00.00 grep dhcp (csh)
Stop dhcpd (if running)
dhcp-1# kill -9 94818
Verify that dhcpd has been stopped
dhcp-1# ps -auwx | grep dhcp root 24293 0.0 0.1 348 208 p0 R+ 6:22AM 0:00.00 grep dhcp
Fix the problem
dhcp-1# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh install Added group "dhcpd". Added user "dhcpd". dhcp-1#
Start dhcpd normally
dhcp-1# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/isc-dhcpd.sh start Starting dhcpd. dhcp-1#