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Configuring X

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Starting with FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE, Xorg is the default X11 implementation for FreeBSD. Xorg is the X server of the open source X Window System implementation released by the X.Org Foundation. Xorg is based on the code of XFree86 4.4RC2 and X11R6.6. The X.Org Foundation released X11R6.7 in April 2004 and X11R6.8.1 in September 2004, this latter is the version currently available in the FreeBSD Ports Collection.
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Older versions of FreeBSD use XFree86 as their [[X11]] software, but due to licensing and update issues, XFree86 has been replaced as the default X install.  FreeBSD 5.3 was the first release to include Xorg, but all versions of FreeBSD since 5.3 include support for both XFree86 and Xorg.
  
 
To install Xorg from source it is recommended that you first update your ports using cvsup.  
 
To install Xorg from source it is recommended that you first update your ports using cvsup.  
  
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After logged in via su, build Xorg from ports
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Log in and [[su]] to root:
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$ su -
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<nowiki>
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and you have 2 options. You can build from ports or use the pre-built FreeBSD Packages.
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# cd /usr/ports/x11/xorg
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# make install clean
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</nowiki>
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Note: To build Xorg in its entirety, be sure to have at least 4 GB of free space available.
 
Note: To build Xorg in its entirety, be sure to have at least 4 GB of free space available.
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To build Xorg from ports:
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# cd /usr/ports/x11/xorg && make install clean
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OR
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To add the BSD package:
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# pkg_add -r xorg
  
 
After you have installed Xorg, you must configure it. This is a multi-step process and can get a tad complex.
 
After you have installed Xorg, you must configure it. This is a multi-step process and can get a tad complex.
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As su, run the Xorg Config File creator
 
As su, run the Xorg Config File creator
  
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<nowiki># Xorg -configure</nowiki>
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# X -configure
  
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This will generate an X11 configuration skeleton file in the /root directory called xorg.conf.new (whether you su(1) or do a direct login affects the inherited supervisor $HOME directory variable). For XFree86, this configuration file is called XF86Config.new. The X11 program will attempt to probe the graphics hardware on the system and write a configuration file to load the proper drivers for the detected hardware on the target system.
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OR
  
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<nowiki># xorgconfig</nowiki>
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# Xorg -configure
  
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This will run a sort of wizard that will simplify the process for creating the config file.
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This will generate an X11 configuration skeleton file in the current directory called xorg.conf.new. For XFree86, this configuration file is called XF86Config.new. The X11 program will attempt to probe the graphics hardware on the system and write a configuration file to load the proper drivers for the detected hardware on the target system. Alternately, run
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# xorgconfig
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Before you test the X-server, you will need to review the file. Type "edit /root/xorg.conf.new" and hold the down arrow on your keyboard until you get to the last section named "screen." Look after each depth value for a descriptor named "Modes". If you do not see them, you must add the lines after every depth value. To do this, move your cursor to the end of the depth line and hit esc+i. move the cursor over to the end and hit return. Move the cursor with the spacebar until it is parallel with the above line. Now type: Modes  "640x480", etc. The default value is 4:3 horizontal:vertical. Common values are: "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024" "1400x1050" "1600x1200".
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Here is an example layout for the screen section:
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Section "Screen"
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Identifier "Screen0"
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Device    "Card0"
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Monitor    "Monitor0"
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SubSection "Display"
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Viewport  0 0
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Depth    1
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                Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"
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EndSubSection
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SubSection "Display"
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Viewport  0 0
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Depth    4
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                Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"
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EndSubSection
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SubSection "Display"
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Viewport  0 0
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Depth    8
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                Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"
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EndSubSection
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SubSection "Display"
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Viewport  0 0
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Depth    15
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                Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"
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EndSubSection
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SubSection "Display"
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Viewport  0 0
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Depth    16
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                Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"
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EndSubSection
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SubSection "Display"
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Viewport  0 0
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Depth    24
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                Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"
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EndSubSection
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EndSection
  
 
The next step is to test the existing configuration to verify that Xorg can work with the graphics hardware on the target system. To perform this task, type:
 
The next step is to test the existing configuration to verify that Xorg can work with the graphics hardware on the target system. To perform this task, type:
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<nowiki>
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# Xorg -config xorg.conf.new</nowiki>
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# X -xf86config xorg.conf.new
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OR
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# X -xf86config XF86Config.new
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OR
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# Xorg -config xorg.conf.new
  
 
If a black and grey grid and an X mouse cursor appear, the configuration was successful. To exit the test, just press Ctrl+Alt+Backspace simultaneously.
 
If a black and grey grid and an X mouse cursor appear, the configuration was successful. To exit the test, just press Ctrl+Alt+Backspace simultaneously.
  
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If all went to plan, you should have gotten Xorg working and happy. Now you are ready to go on and install your window manager (KDE, GNOME, SawFish, etc...)
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Copy this file to /etc/X11/xorg.conf (or /etc/X11/XF86Config for XFree86) and you're done.
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 +
If all went to plan, you should have gotten Xorg working and happy. Now you are ready to go on and install your window manager ([[KDE]], [[gnome]], [[BlackBox]], [[xfce]], [[Windowmaker]], [[SawFish]], etc...)
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 +
 
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Note: Most of this information came from the FreeBSD Handbook located http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x-install.html
  
  
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Note: Most of this information came DIRECTLY from the FreeBSD Handbook located http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x-install.html
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[[Category:Configuring FreeBSD]]

Latest revision as of 06:51, 14 September 2008

Older versions of FreeBSD use XFree86 as their X11 software, but due to licensing and update issues, XFree86 has been replaced as the default X install. FreeBSD 5.3 was the first release to include Xorg, but all versions of FreeBSD since 5.3 include support for both XFree86 and Xorg.

To install Xorg from source it is recommended that you first update your ports using cvsup.

Log in and su to root: 

$ su -

and you have 2 options. You can build from ports or use the pre-built FreeBSD Packages.

Note: To build Xorg in its entirety, be sure to have at least 4 GB of free space available.

To build Xorg from ports: 

# cd /usr/ports/x11/xorg && make install clean

OR

To add the BSD package: 

# pkg_add -r xorg

After you have installed Xorg, you must configure it. This is a multi-step process and can get a tad complex.

As su, run the Xorg Config File creator 

# X -configure

OR 

# Xorg -configure

This will generate an X11 configuration skeleton file in the current directory called xorg.conf.new. For XFree86, this configuration file is called XF86Config.new. The X11 program will attempt to probe the graphics hardware on the system and write a configuration file to load the proper drivers for the detected hardware on the target system. Alternately, run 

# xorgconfig

Before you test the X-server, you will need to review the file. Type "edit /root/xorg.conf.new" and hold the down arrow on your keyboard until you get to the last section named "screen." Look after each depth value for a descriptor named "Modes". If you do not see them, you must add the lines after every depth value. To do this, move your cursor to the end of the depth line and hit esc+i. move the cursor over to the end and hit return. Move the cursor with the spacebar until it is parallel with the above line. Now type: Modes "640x480", etc. The default value is 4:3 horizontal:vertical. Common values are: "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024" "1400x1050" "1600x1200".

Here is an example layout for the screen section: 

Section "Screen"

Identifier "Screen0" Device "Card0" Monitor "Monitor0" SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 1 

               Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"

EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 4 

               Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"

EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 8 

               Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"

EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 15 

               Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"

EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 16 

               Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"

EndSubSection SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 24 

               Modes "640x480" "800x600" "1024x768" "1280x1024"

EndSubSection 

EndSection

The next step is to test the existing configuration to verify that Xorg can work with the graphics hardware on the target system. To perform this task, type: 

# X -xf86config xorg.conf.new

OR 

# X -xf86config XF86Config.new

OR 

# Xorg -config xorg.conf.new

If a black and grey grid and an X mouse cursor appear, the configuration was successful. To exit the test, just press Ctrl+Alt+Backspace simultaneously.

Copy this file to /etc/X11/xorg.conf (or /etc/X11/XF86Config for XFree86) and you're done.

If all went to plan, you should have gotten Xorg working and happy. Now you are ready to go on and install your window manager (KDE, gnome, BlackBox, xfce, Windowmaker, SawFish, etc...)


Note: Most of this information came from the FreeBSD Handbook located http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/x-install.html

Retrieved from "http://freebsdwiki.net/index.php?title=Configuring_X&oldid=10623"
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